Berlin Cathedral (left) and Berlin Palace (right), 1900 Hinein the 12th century the region came under German rule as part of the Margraviate of Brandenburg, founded by Albert the Bear in 1157. Early evidence of middle age settlements rein the area of today's Berlin are remnants of a house foundation dated 1270 to 1290, found hinein excavations in Berlin Mitte.[30] The first written records of towns rein the area of present-day Berlin date from the late 12th century.

The Gendarmenmarkt is a neoclassical square hinein Berlin, the name of which derives from the headquarters of the famous Gens durchmesser eines kreises'armes regiment located here in the 18th century.

All of these power stations generate electricity and useful heat at the same time to facilitate buffering during load peaks.

 Charité Berlin has a long history of discoveries in medicine and innovations rein medical technology.[204] The modern history of medicine has been significantly influenced by scientists from Berlin.

Rein addition to the university-affiliated libraries, the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin is a major research library.

Berlin is also home to a allerlei gastronomy scene reflecting the immigrant history of the city. Turkish and Arab immigrants brought their culinary traditions to the city, such as the lahmajoun and falafel, which have become common fast food staples. The modern fast-food version of the doner kebab sandwich which evolved hinein Berlin hinein the 1970s, has since become a favorite dish rein Germany and elsewhere in the world.

The Oberbaumbrücke over the Spree river is Berlin's most iconic bridge, connecting the now-combined boroughs of Friedrichshain and Kreuzberg. It carries vehicles, pedestrians, and the U1 Berlin U-Bahn line. The bridge welches completed rein a brick gothic style in 1896, replacing the former wooden bridge with an upper deck for the U-Bahn. The center portion was demolished hinein 1945 to stop the Red Army from crossing.

 A memorial to the Nazi book burning by Micha Ullman Satz into the Bebelplatz Berlin's history has left the city with a polycentric metropolitan area and an eclectic Potpourri of architecture.

 The outskirts of Berlin are covered with woodlands and numerous lakes. Berlin is in northeastern Germany, in an area of low-lying marshy woodlands with a mainly flat topography, part of the vast Northern European Plain which stretches all the way from northern France to western Russia. The Berliner Urstromtal (an ice age glacial valley), between the low Barnim Plateau to the north and the Teltow plateau to the south, welches formed by meltwater flowing from ice sheets at the end of the bürde Weichselian glaciation.

After the Angelegenheit of the Berlin Mauer in 1989, many historic buildings in Mitte, the former city center of East Berlin, were illegally occupied and re-built by young squatters and became a fertile ground for underground and counterculture gatherings.[246] The central boroughs are home to many nightclubs, including the Watergate, Tresor check here and Berghain. The KitKatClub and several other locations are known for their sexually uninhibited parties.

 Hanukkah festival at the Brandenburg Gate Berlin has a long history of gay culture, and is an important birthplace of the LGBT rights movement. Same-sex bars and dance halls operated freely as early as the 1880s, and the first gay magazine, Der Eigene, started in 1896.

The cuisine and culinary offerings of Berlin vary greatly. 23 restaurants in Berlin have been awarded one or more Michelin stars in the Michelin Guide of 2021, which ranks the city at the top for the number of restaurants having this distinction in Germany.

Clubs are not required to close at a fixed time during the weekends, and many parties belastung well into the morning or even all weekend, including near Alexanderplatz. Several venues have become a popular stage for the Neo-Burlesque scene.

On the report of the 2011 census, approximately 37 percent of the Tierbestand reported being members of a legally-recognized church or religious organization. The Reste either did not belong to such an organization, or there welches no information available about them.[123]